view bucket

view bucket

Rheumatoid arthritis

Description

Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic inflammation of the lining of the joints (synovium) that leads to severe pain hampering daily life. Rheumatoid arthritis may also affect other areas of the body including the skin, eyes, heart, lungs, and kidneys. It usually affects both sides of the body in symmetry, like both legs are affected simultaneously, differentiating it from other forms of arthritis.

Causes

Autoimmunity is found to be the main cause of rheumatoid arthritis. Other causes may also play a role in the development of Rheumatoid Arthritis, including:

 

  • Bacterial infections
  • Viral infections
  • Obesity
  • Emotional trauma.
Risk factors

However the exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown there are certain risk factors that might increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. They are as follows:

  • Hereditary (a strong family history of RA increases the chances of a person being diagnosed with it)
  • Environmental factors (Certain environmental factors play a major role. These include smoking, exposure to silica, insecticides, and air pollution)
  • Infections (Certain bacteria, viruses, and fungi are believed to increase the risk of RA)
  • Sex (rheumatoid arthritis is three times more common in women as compared to men)
  • Genetic factors (rheumatoid arthritis is hereditary in nature. Certain genes have been identified that increase the risk for RA)
Symptoms

Rheumatoid Arthritis is inflammation of the joints along with other clinical manifestations. Symptoms include:

 

  • Rheumatoid Arthritis and joints
  • Joint pain
  • Joint tenderness
  • Joint stiffness that is worst in the morning
  • Joint swelling

 

  • Systemic manifestations:
  • Anemia
  • Fatigue
  • Rheumatoid nodules (bumps under skin usually at elbows)
  • Pleurisy (chest pain that worsens with breathing)
  • Pericarditis (inflammation of heart lining)
  • Cataract
  • Scleritis
  • Myositis (inflammation of muscles).
Diagnosis

Diagnosis is done by:

  • Through examination, taking extensive history to evaluate signs and symptoms.
  • Blood tests (to test the presence of rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibody)
  • X-rays (to examine deformities that are typical to rheumatoid arthritis)
  • Other tests like CBC (complete blood count),ESR, kidney function test, liver test may also be performed to determine damage caused to other organs)
Management

Treatment usually involves:

  • Medications:
  1. Steroids (reduces pain, inflammation and damage of the joints)
  2. NSAIDS (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce pain and swelling)
  3. DMARDS (Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs slows down the progression of the disease)
  4. Immunosuppressants (controls the immune system of the patient)
  • Physical exercise to keep the joints supple and flexible.
  •  Hot water bag or electric heating bags can be used to give temporary relief from joint pain and swelling on a daily basis.
  • Synovectomy ( some patients may need surgery to correct joint damage)
  • Diet (consume omega-3 foods, bone broth and higher fiber foods e.g. whole grains, citrus fruits, cherries, garlic)
When to consult a doctor?

Rheumatoid arthritis and the medications that are used to treat it may affect other organs of the body e.g. lungs, heart, eyes and skin. If one suffers from chest pain or pain in the eye or shortness of breath or anemia (reduced amount of red blood cells) along with joint pain then a medical professional should be consulted.

 

Available Medicine for Rheumatoid arthritis

Imuran 50 mg

Rs.430.14

GlaxoSmithKline

Amorin 50mg

Rs.198

Mass-PH Health

Azafrine 50 mg

Rs.3300

Al Habib

Novasalic Ointment 15gm

Rs.178

Pharma Health

Fusicort

Rs.391.95

Leo-Zam Zam

Provate-g cream

Rs.91.96

Saffron

Betnesol 0.5mg

Rs.25.77

GlaxoSmithKline

Fucicort 15G

Rs.516.47

Leo-Zam Zam

Provate-s Lotion

Rs.204.98

Saffron

Betarex 0.10%

Rs.22

Rex

Betatek 0.10%

Rs.27.6

Innvotek

Betnesol 0.10%

Rs.57.82

GlaxoSmithKline

Orbetam 0.10%

Rs.27.46

Zafa

Rekabson-N 0.1%|0.5%

Rs.28.08

Reko

Betarex 0.10%

Rs.14

Rex

Betadrop-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.61.73

Remington

Betatek-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.28.75

Innvotek

Betnesol-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.69.39

GlaxoSmithKline

Betnesol-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.40.88

GlaxoSmithKline

Cenovate-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.26

Mediceena

Etnesol-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.27

Eros

Orbetam-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.36

Zafa

Probeta-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.54.34

Atco

Calcibet 50mcg/0.5mg

Rs.1160

Valor

Daivobet Ointment 50mcg/0.5mg

Rs.1292.16

Leo-Zam Zam

Betacin-N 15gm

Rs.36.9

Geofman

Betaderm-NM 10gm

Rs.134.59

Atco

Betaderm N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.22.25

Atco

Provate-G 0.05%/0.1%

Rs.132.19

Saffron

Rashnil Cream 50mg

Rs.129.12

Abbott Laboratories

Betnesol Eye Ointment 5gm

Rs.38

GlaxoSmithKline

Betnesol-N 0.1%/0.5%

Rs.40.16

GlaxoSmithKline

Celbexx 100 mg

Rs.237.6

Getz Pharma

Artiflex 200mg

Rs.235.29

Stand Pharm

Artocel 100mg

Rs.60

Honig

Bixo 100mg

Rs.45

Vega

Bixo 200mg

Rs.85

Vega

Bloxib 200mg

Rs.100

Bloom Pharma

Bloxib 200mg

Rs.165

Bloom Pharma

Calaxib 200mg

Rs.103

Metro

Celbexx 200 mg

Rs.310.2

Getz Pharma

Celconid 100mg

Rs.60

Caraway

Cele 100mg

Rs.60

TG Pharma

Cele 200mg

Rs.103

TG Pharma

Celecodale 200mg

Rs.103

Oakale Pharma

Celecomed 200mg

Rs.98

Mediate

Celecoxx 100mg

Rs.130

Semos

Celecoxx 200mg

Rs.103

Semos

Celecoxx 200mg

Rs.175

Semos

Celetab 100mg

Rs.23.75

Indus Pharma

Celetab 200mg

Rs.37.5

Indus Pharma

Celewin 200mg

Rs.125

Wns Field

Celewin 200mg

Rs.263.91

Wns Field

Celicob 200mg

Rs.80

Votex

Celoflex 100mg

Rs.23.75

Ambrosia

Celoflex 200mg

Rs.97.5

Ambrosia

Celoxib 200mg

Rs.177.5

Zaka Healthcare

Celstar 200mg

Rs.269

Pharmatec

Celtic 200mg

Rs.103

Genome Pharma

Celzib 100mg

Rs.47.5

Well & Well

Celzib 200mg

Rs.103

Well & Well

Cobix 200mg

Rs.103

EG Pharma

Conxib 200mg

Rs.240

Convell

Coxban 200mg

Rs.103

Rakahposhi

Coxia 200mg

Rs.103.23

Genome Pharma

Dorsiflex 100mg

Rs.100

Nexpharm

Dorsiflex 200mg

Rs.75

Nexpharm

Dorsiflex 200mg

Rs.200

Nexpharm

Ecoloxib 100mg

Rs.165

Navegal

Ecoloxib 200mg

Rs.215

Navegal

Ecoxib 100mg

Rs.60

Epoch

Ecoxib 200mg

Rs.103

Epoch

Emphatic 100mg

Rs.60

Hygeia

Empathic 200mg

Rs.103

Hygeia

Gauld 100mg

Rs.55

Karachi Chemical

Gauld 200mg

Rs.92

Karachi Chemical

Geocoxib 100mg

Rs.60

Geofman

Geocoxib 200mg

Rs.103

Geofman

Gilbex 100mg

Rs.95

Gillman

Gilbex 200mg

Rs.103

Gillman

Lecoxib 100mg

Rs.60

Paramount

Lecoxib 100mg

Rs.114

Paramount

Lecoxib 200mg

Rs.103

Paramount

Lecoxib 200mg

Rs.196

Paramount

Medicoxib 100mg

Rs.75

Mediceena

Moveryl 100mg

Rs.110

Sami

Moveryl 200mg

Rs.175

Sami

Nuzib 100mg

Rs.95

Bosch

Nuzib 200mg

Rs.140

Bosch

Postaglin 100mg

Rs.70

Medicraft

Rival 100mg

Rs.50

L A Kurative

Rival 100mg

Rs.95

L A Kurative

Rival 200mg

Rs.103

L A Kurative

Seleco 100mg

Rs.80

Wilshire

Seleco 100mg

Rs.175

Wilshire

Seleco 200mg

Rs.172.5

Wilshire

Seloxx 100mg

Rs.97

Efroze

Seloxx 200mg

Rs.177.43

Efroze

Selxib 200mg

Rs.118

Fynk

Wecox 200mg

Rs.103

Wise Pharma

Rheuoxib 100mg

Rs.100

Highnoon