Prostate gland is a part of male productive system that produces seminal fluid that contains the male reproduction cells or sperm.
Prostate cancer occurs when an abnormal cell survives and divides uncontrollably, invades other tissues and forms tumors in the gland.
Risk factors
Risk factors for prostate cancer are as follows:
Advancing age
Ethnicity: Studies show there is an increased risk in black African males
Family history: Men with a brother or father with prostate cancer is at higher risk
Diet: Studies suggest that men who eat a diet high in animal fat or meat may be at increased risk
Symptoms
A male with prostate cancer will present with the following symptoms:
Urinate frequently
Presence of blood in urine or semen
Inability to get an erection.
Burning sensation when urinating
Pain or stiffness in the lower back, hips or thighs
being tired and non-energetic mostly.
Diagnosis
Two types of testing are strongly recommended:
PSA TESTING: it is a test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. PSA is a substance made by the prostate, its levels increase with cancer. African-Americans and men with a family history should have a PSA test every year from age 40 on.
DIGITAL RECTAL EXAM: The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels the prostate gland through the rectal wall for lumps or abnormal areas.
Management
THERAPIES FOR EARLY STAGE: Close monitoring, radical prostatectomy, internal and external radiation
THERAPIES FOR ADVANCED STAGE: Hormone therapy and chemotherapy
PREVENTIVE MEASURES: Following measures can be taken in order to prevent prostate cancer:
Maintain a healthy diet
Exercise regularly
Stop smoking
Limit alcohol intake
Frequent ejaculation
Rectal exam (Go for a yearly exam if you are over 40)
When to consult a doctor?
Don’t dismiss bedroom problems: If you experience erectile dysfunction it may be a possible sign of blocked arteries or prostate cancer so it’s advisable to consult a medical professional as soon as possible.
Consult a medical professional, if you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above.
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