What is this test?
This lab test is performed on a blood sample to measure the levels of cholesterol in the blood. There are two types of cholesterols present:
- Low-density lipoprotein or bad cholesterol
- High-density lipoprotein or good cholesterol
Why is this test performed?
This test is performed:
- To determine the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases
- To monitor the efficacy of lipid-lowering medicines.
What does the test measure?
In general, healthy lipid levels help to maintain a healthy heart and lower the risk of heart attack or stroke. A general healthcare practitioner will take into consideration total cholesterol results and the other components of a lipid profile as well as other risk factors to help determine a person's overall risk of heart disease, whether treatment is necessary and, if so, which treatment will best help to lower the person's risk.
How is this test performed?
This test is performed on a blood sample. The blood is obtained from the vein and this is performed by a healthcare provider in the following way.
- clean the skin
- put an elastic band above the area
- insert a needle into a vein (usually in the arm inside of the elbow or on the back of the hand)
- pull the blood sample into a vial or syringe
- take off the elastic band and remove the needle from the vein
What are the risks associated with this test?
There is no significant risk associated with this test. A small bruise or mild soreness around the blood test site is common and can last for a few days. Get medical care if the discomfort gets worse or lasts longer.
Any special preparations for the test?
8-12 hours of fasting is important. Do not eat or drink anything other than water.
Can this test be performed during pregnancy?
Cholesterol is typically high during pregnancy. Women should wait at least six weeks after having a baby to have cholesterol measured.
INTERPRETATION OF THE TEST RESULTS:
- Cholesterol level below 200mg/dl is considered desirable and reflects low risk of heart diseases.
- Level between 200-239mg/dl is borderline high and usually signifies moderate risk of heart disease
- Level greater than 240mg/dl is called high and indicates high risk of heart disease
- Interpretation of test results:
- Causes of High cholesterol levels:
- Diet
- Diabetes
- Stress
- Obesity
- Alcohol abuse
- Causes of Low cholesterol levels:
- Hypothyroidism
- Liver disease
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Malnutrition
- Malabsorption
- Manganese deficiency.